Sunday, September 28, 2025

Richmond Malting silos

With continuing controversy over the Richmond Malting Site - which seems to hover around replacing the 1950s/60s concrete silos and what to do with the Nylex clock on top, I am still unconvinced of the significance of the silos, and think their importance should be re-examined.
Bulk grain storage was well underway by the 1920s, and the norm by the second World War. Innovative construction methods were tried and proven by Monash/Monier, Stone and Siddeley, and others early in the 20th century and also standardised by the war. Grains other than wheat were regularly stored in the same silos and there is no particular distinction between a barley silo or one intended for other gains, apart from their history of use. obviously barley silos tend to be associated with maltings. The first concrete silos were built in about 1907 when John Monash was commissioned to erect silos at Rupunyip flour mill. This was prior to bulk transport, so the purpose was to stockpile summer harvest grain at mills for use over the year, with shipment of whet to the mill and flour away from it, still manhandled in bags. Numerous flour mill associated silos were then built across Australia. The destruction of massive stacks of bagged wheat by mice plagues gave encouragement of silos for other stages in the handling processes, particularly at ports, and for wheat-board controlled stockpiles.
Stone and Siddeley's patent for prefabrication of panels which formed the silos, was put into effect in 1910 at the Albury Flour Mills (recently demolished), while Monash again used a panel system at Minnifies mill in about 1914. The use of slip form cast reinforced concrete became fairly standard by the 1920s, and progressed to larger installations.
There has been no detailed history or comparative analysis of bulk grain handling or concrete silos in Victoria (apart from Alan Holgate's and Geoff Taplin's work specifically on Monier silos), although some work has been done in NSW. The railfans have done some work on categorising, along with railway modellers who as always have a great understanding of the intrinsic values of railway places.
The statement of significance for the place focusses on the actual malting works. The silos are considered as 'supplementary to the "...1939-40 building for storing barley..." and "...represent an early surviving example of this form of barley storage system on a sale maltster site in Victoria", for its "landmark status", its "distinctive industrial aesthetic", and "... a significant cultural iconic feature..."
However, there are more economically important, older, taller, larger capacity and equally prominent grain silos around Melbourne, while the social significance, based on a pop song and a shared folk memory of being stuck in a traffic jam on a monotonous commute and recalling the time (too early in the morning or running late to get home) and temperature (freezing winter mornings or scorching summer afternoons), has never been tested or substantiated. Equally, engineer Bruce Day's Punt Road overpass and elevated freeway could qualify as the source of motorist frustration and creator of the South-Eastern Carpark.
There are now examples of silos converted to other uses around the world, including Melbourne. Some pretty wild results have come from the understanding that one large concrete structure can provide the basis for a range of new uses. In South Africa for example a combination of converted silos and stacks of shipping containers on top has helped deal with an accommodation shortage for students.
While another set is earmarked for conversion.


Further afield even in Ecuador they are doing it.
In Holland, squatters took over a set of silos before a conversions created one of Amsterdam's most expensive sets of housing blocks -

And closer to home a recent conversion in Bunbury WA sees a very Post Modern - looking hotel -
In Ballarat -
and Hobart -
Even the very large sets, with difficult to use internal drums are finding new life such as these at Akron University.
and the Silo Student Dorms, Norway -
And as for the clock; there was another one that was demolished with little fanfare in Mentone.

Friday, August 1, 2025

Carlton Inn reconstruction

 "On the 15th and 16th of October 2016 Stefce Kutlesovski and Raman Shaqiri, (now and forever known as 'The Corkman Cowboys'), through their company 'Shaq Demolitions', illegally knocked down the Carton Inn at 160 Leicester Street Carlton."

In May 2025, construction work was finally underway. The cellar was filled, a concrete slab laid and precast, tilt-slab concrete panels erected in an approximation of the exterior walls of the former brick pub.


By late July steel framework was installed for internal walls floor and roof, and presumably to hold up the tilt-slab. Some fake chimneys added on top, and a couple of plasticky sash windows installed. 


The steel works supplier is proud of helping rebuild the pub.

Late August and the roof is on, almost all the windows are in and the joins in the tilt slabs have been bogged up. 

Still no sense of what the window suround treatment will be although the recess above might fit a fake lintel of about the right size. They could apply a render with Brick texture, but it looks like the concrete will just be painted.


September, and the roof is in and scaffolding has been taken is down. Walls are marked up for some finishes - pink might be the lintels, sills and render band. It will be interesting to see what they use. Probably not steel, timber, brick or precast concrete, but maybe some modern cement fibre composite like Hebel. Hopefully not polystyrene. The green may be the glazed tiles at the bottom, string course and cornice. Parapet and urns also to come.

Here is a digression into the pub's history - 

The Carlton Inn's history began when a 0.25-acre (0.10 ha) crown allotment at the corner of Leicester and Pelham Streets was sold to R. Hepburn in 1853, who subsequently subdivided the land into numerous small allotments with the corner lot measuring 70 by 70 feet (21 m × 21 m).[3] Construction of the hotel was underway by early February 1856, as evidenced by an advertisement for bricks. The completed Carlton Inn was licensed in 1856 to George Edmonds. Soon after it was transferred to John Cozens. The Noble family were proprietors for about a century from 1863, when a Mrs Noble was listed as owner in the rate books, through to William K. Noble of Mirboo who was owner in 1923 to 1936, and then the estate of W. K. Noble in 1954.

A robbery occurred at the pub on the 27 August 1887 in the late evening, in which the burglar gained access to the bedroom of the licensee, Duncan McMillan, and stole £100 worth of items, including a watch, a gold pin with diamonds and bluestone, other jewellery and a Webley Revolver, before escaping through a window. On 4 October, John Charles Vernon was arrested in connection with the robbery, and it was found that in his possession was a pawn ticket for a pin matching the description of that stolen from the hotel and which was later identified as belonging to McMillan. Before his arrest in connection with the Carlton Inn robbery, Vernon had been acquitted of a charge of stealing a cash box from the Niagara Hotel in Lonsdale Street.

In 1933, architects Thomas Watts & Sons designed a new rear addition valued at £500 including new kitchen, and alterations to the front bar. The works were carried out by builder G. G. Edwards of North Brighton. In 1936, a new two-storey section was built on the eastern boundary costing £700. Additional bedrooms and relocation of the kitchen (which had previously been a billiard room), were undertaken by Harry J. Johnston with designs by architect J. A. Trencher of Caulfield. In 1954, architect Harry J. Little designed further alterations, including single-storey sections for laundry, toilets, garage and fuel store, replacing former outbuildings. Building was undertaken by R. J. Johnstone of Mitcham. In its last years, the hotel was known as the Corkman Irish Pub, with a large student clientele, and traditional Irish music sessions. A nearby building proposal was objected in 2016 by the Carlton Residents Association due to the impact it would have had to the adjacent heritage places, including the Carlton Inn. (

And some images of the pub in its prime - 







And some plans from MMBW connection files and Mahsteadt insurance plans





And finally a couple of historic images courtesy State Library Victoria - 




Friday, February 17, 2023

Veritable Heritage

Three influences in the one picture. 

Jack Mundy was president of the NSW Builders Labourers Federation from 1968 to 74 when he led the union to improve safety on building sites, but also to campsign for social and environmental improvements. He instigated the Green Bans that saved many historic buildings from destruction and forced developers to retain parkland and social housing.

GoughWhitlam, in his brief stint as PM and with the most radical government agenda in Australia's history, spiked the punch of cultural heritage in the early 70s by establishing the Australia Council and the Australian Heritage Commission. He also created opportunities for me snd countless others with no fee tertiary education (giving me somewhere to go other than factory work), no fault divorce (freeing my parents from each other), abolishing conscription (freeing me of the fear of war), supporting mothers' pension, (freeing my single sister from a life of struggle) and many other things that improved my family's life.

Verity Burgman was my lecturer in history at Melbourne Uni and although I didn't realise it at the time, turned me on to concepts of social justice and class. Her surprise at my approach to an essay on the environmental and social damage of American Railways in the 19th century made me realise everybody didn't already think like that.

https://www.google.com/amp/s/labourhistorymelbourne.org/2020/05/17/jack-mundey/amp/

Markwood Mill



Tucked in behind farm buildings between Everton and Markwood in northeast Victoria, is the only surviving standing building from a nineteenth century small scale water powered flour mill (as opposed to the huge Anderson Mill complex at Smeaton).

The "Ovens River Flour Mill" was constructed in about 1867 by partners James Henley and Jonathon Thomas Bell. Bell described himself as a mill owner in an 1868 inquiry into the death of Michael Manning, an employee at the mill, who accidentally drowned in the Ovens River.

In 1879 Bell left for Europe and held a clearing sale at the mill, after which little is heard about it, so presumably it had ceased milling.


The mill is a substantial structure of local sedimentary stone, with a grid of 4x2 290 mm square posts supporting two upper floor levels. the floorboards and beams were removed at some point to accommodate tobacco drying sticks. Shafts and pulleys from former milling equipment are also located in the roof space.




Evidence of the main wheel shaft and gearing can be glimpsed through gaps in the floor, and bolts from the bearings near the wheel pit. The shaft passed through the water wall through an arched opening. 




Saturday, December 17, 2022

Whitewashing Pentridge

Up the road in the old prison in Coburg are some new high-rise flats and shops with bits of old bluestone buildings and walls scattered around; a compromise of capitalist real estate and community heritage. Business boosters and property developers ;are getting maximum yield, and in turn there are some old buildings retained, some landscaping and heritage interpretation.

The interiors of gaol cells, exercise yards, workshops, stone breaking yards at Her Majesty's Prison Pentridge, were regularly painted with whitewash . Whitewashing covered the filth, blood, excrement and marks of brutality. It didn't hide the horror though.

Mark Holsworth has already made the point that Aboriginal lives have been omitted from the story of Pentridge, with no mention in the interpretation master plan. Despite the significant Ronald Bull mural locked away on F Division, and the impressive uncredited multipanel mural (possibly from the demolished Jika Jika) tucked in the nondescript apartment car park access lane, there has been a concerted effort to avoid truth telling for both the black and white damaged lives.

Mysterious mural at Pentridge.

Sawn through walls are everywhere. Incremental incursions have removed any sense of a place of punishment. Harshness is softenen by new lawns, street furniture and sandblasting the shit ad grime away.

remnants of prison

The back of supermarket has some giant graphics of building plans and context free cut steel letters spelling out random all caps 'CELL' 'ROBALD RYAN' 'NED KELLY' 'PANOPTICON'. Elsewhere, Dadaist cut outs of equally random but now referenced quotations about the 'neatly trimmed borders' form patterns in walls, stair risers' and sawn stone infills and pavers. 

Selective quotation puts the best light

Corporate developer greed, indifferent and hobbled heritage regulators and complicit consultants have moved the site of misery and horrific acts of inhuman cruelty towards a Disneyland of battlement-crowned castle walls and stone ramparts that fits with the marketable fairy story.

Ritchies IGA Dadaist poetry wall

It was probably always going to be too much to manage. Too much misery and bad history. Too much encumbered land getting in the way of profits. Too much profit to be made to let heritage truth and compassion stand in the way.

Friday, October 14, 2022

Carlton Inn demolition 6th anniversary

"On the 15th and 16th of October 2016 Stefce Kutlesovski and Raman Shaqiri, (now and forever known as 'The Corkman Cowboys'), through their company 'Shaq Demolitions', illegally knocked down the Carton Inn at 160 Leicester Street Carlton."

So says the guerilla heritage interpretation in the piddly park they were forced to construct on the rubble of the demolished pub. Sort of rubbing a dog's nose in it when it shits on the carpet.

They were subsequently convicted and fined under several planning, safety and environmental laws and then convicted of contempt and given gaol sentences for not abiding by court orders to clean up the site and create a park.

The park is something to be seen. A patch of roll-out turf, four seats facing the graffiti covered neighbour's wall and a few scraggly plants.



Of course they played the victims:

“I’m no longer Stefce Kutlesovski, I’m the Corkman cowboy. I’ve not just been penalised once, I’ve been penalised for life"

But in the end they got what they wanted, and despite the fines, the cleared site was valued at $10 million and the Planning Minister Richard Wynne determined that a 12 storey building and replica Carlton Inn facades could be built on the site.

The Cowboys found some sidekicks to design something for the site. One came up with:

crystaline iconic form cut and separated from heritage mass

The other followed the addage, doctors bury their mistakes but architects can only gow ivy over theirs.

Neither appears to confirm to the minister's instructions.

However the planning amendment that supposedly would result in rebuilding of a facimile of the pub has the condition that:

If a permit is not approved by June 2022, as required by VCAT, the developer will have to rebuild the pub at their own expense

The outrage continues among ordinary punters who see the park as a joke and the empty site as an affront to the heritage and planning rules. See this Reddit thread for example.

It is now 6 years since the demolition, and the end of 2022 is rapidly approaching with no new building started. Presumably the approval will lapse and the site can be rezoned to prevent any future new building except rebuilding the Corkman just as it was.

I tried to get the empty demolition site listed on the Victorian Heritage Register. It should remain as a monument to developer greed and government incompetence or indifference to heritage.





Thursday, October 13, 2022

Canarchaeology

Recent investigative archaeology looking for graves turned up some late twentieth century fill from utility service trenches. We found this coke can in a clearly stratified layer, above natural soil and beneath brick rubble that included both 19th century handmade bricks and ceramics and much more modern material. 


Turns out the guy with the largest Coke can collection in the world's name is Gary


There is a useful Coke can chronological typology if you ever have to date a modern fill layer yourself.

Some dating depends on small details - note the  1987 logo doesn't have the separating red lines either side of the 'l' which starts in 1988. In the late 90s, some block shadow was added, the swoosh was moved to below the lettering instead of through it, and the 'l' gained a full loop. This website is good for a range of cans. 

Since 2030 marks the 75th anniversary of the first Coca Cola can, its not too long before they become real archaeology in Victoria, where there is a 75 year threshold for recording historical archaeological sites on the state heritage inventory. It used to be 50 years but I suspect some of the people in the government heritage bodies started to worry about their own age putting them in the archaeological remains category.

The other very dateable part of modern cans of course, is the ring pull or pull tab. There are many pull tab typologies to obsess over and hours of time wasting to be done - or you can goggle them yourself. Here are a choice few



And other bloggers have done even more hyperlinking than you can fit into an afternoon.


Gibbons & Masters Patent Brick